Explore the comprehensive environmental regulations in San Marino, highlighting the nation's commitment to sustainability and the protection of natural resources. This blog post delves into key laws, required permits, compliance obligations for businesses, and the enforced penalties for non-complian Contact online >>
Explore the comprehensive environmental regulations in San Marino, highlighting the nation''s commitment to sustainability and the protection of natural resources. This blog post delves into key laws, required permits, compliance obligations for businesses, and the enforced penalties for non-compliance. Learn how San Marino integrates EU directives and international agreements into its
It introduces the different ways in which storage can help meet policy objectives and overcome technical challenges in the power sector, it provides guidance on how to determine the value of storage solutions from a system perspective, and discusses relevant aspects of policy, market and regulatory frameworks to facilitate storage deployment.
an overview of the salient features of the Republic of San Marino, including its topology, urbanization patterns and climate change challenges, and the legal and institutional framework underpinning urban development to set the context for the analysis.
New legislation in California that requires battery storage facilities to put in place safety and communication protocols has been signed into law by state governor Gavin Newsom. Newsom signed Senate Bill 38 (SB 38) earlier this month (7 October). It makes it a requirement for battery storage facilities in the state to put in place emergency
New legislation in California that requires battery storage facilities to put in place safety and communication protocols has been signed into law by state governor Gavin Newsom.
Newsom signed Senate Bill 38 (SB 38) earlier this month (7 October). It makes it a requirement for battery storage facilities in the state to put in place emergency response and emergency plans, in addition to existing requirements for their maintenance and operation to meet standards set by the regulatory California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC).
The bill comes into force with California''s rapid deployment of battery energy storage system (BESS) assets continues. BESS resources help balance the grid, integrate growing shares of renewable energy, maintain electricity supply reliability in the face of load growth, wildfires and other causes of outages and enable thermal generation retirements.
SB 38 was introduced last December by Senator John Laird of Santa Cruz. Laird said at that time that an increase in battery storage "is essential to reaching our clean energy goals, but we also have to ensure that these facilities have safety systems in place to ensure the safety of workers and surrounding communities".
Laird also acknowledged that BESS technology is playing a vital role in ensuring the reliability of the electric system, which in California means the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) grid for the majority of the state, in addition to pockets served by other system operators.
What is striking is that in December 2022, Laird noted that the 3,500MW of BESS investments made in the state had contributed to keeping the lights on during late summer heatwaves of September that year that had "put immense strain" on the grid.
Already since then, California''s investments in BESS have soared, with CAISO reporting that its service area surpassed 5,000MW of installed grid-scale battery storage in May this year.
Recent reports from research firms such as Wood Mackenzie and S&P Global Commodities continue to rank California as the top US state for BESS adoption, albeit Texas is running an increasingly close second and according to some sources could outpace its northwestern neighbour as early as the end of this year.
At the same time, the importance of battery storage safety, and fire safety in particular, is at the top of the agenda for many local authorities, lawmakers and the general public – as well as for the industry.
This year has seen a handful of fires at battery storage facilities, which although rare in the big picture scheme of just how many new BESS assets are being installed, nonetheless reinforce the need to put rules and safeguards in place around this relatively new technology set.
New York''s governor Kathy Hochul convened a working group of multiple state agencies including fire respondents earlier this year in response to three fires which occurred just a few weeks apart. Like Senator Laird and her California counterpart Newsom, Hochul acknowledged a need for BESS uptake to continue, but similarly emphasised that it needed to happen safely.
For Laird, the bill''s introduction came after the overheating incident at utility Pacific Gas & Electric''s (PG&E''s) Elkhorn BESS facility at Moss Landing which happened in September 2022.
The text of SB 38 states that the new requirements impose additional duties on local authorities, therefore a state-mandated programme will be created, with BESS owners or operators submitting their plans to county or city authorities.
In developing plans, owners or operators must coordinate with local emergency management, unified programme and first responder agencies.
These appear to be broadly in line with recommendations made by experts following a 2017 incident at a BESS in Arizona, and have already been adopted as best practice by some BESS companies, but are not thought to have been widely put into law in the US. Trade group American Clean Power Association (ACP) recently put out a battery storage safety guide for first responders.
The California Independent System Operator (CAISO) has enacted market rule changes to make it easier for energy storage to provide grid ancillary services and help grid reliability.
The Energy Storage Enhancements proposal was adopted by CAISO’s governing entities last week (16 December) and will be implemented by summer 2023, when extreme heat threatens the stability of the grid.
Primarily, the changes include improved accounting of a battery system’s state of charge to better certify the resources are available as needed, and improved tools for exceptional dispatch to ensure resources are compensated, thereby ensuring their energy is available during peak hours.
CAISO’s storage sector manager Gabe Murtaugh told Energy-Storage.news about the upcoming changes in an interview in April, saying at the time that “…no other market has anything like this in place today and the storage community is really excited to see this change implemented.”
The adopted proposal, which you can read in full here, will make it easier for battery storage systems to provide grid ancillary services, specifically ‘regulation up’ and ‘regulation down’ (the other two CAISO procures are spinning reserve and non-spinning reserve). It will do this by making sure that battery systems’ energy is accurately priced and that the systems are fully charged when needed by the grid.
First, the proposal brings in an enhancement to the equation that governs state of charge to better aligned predicted state of charge with actual state of charge when battery systems are providing regulation up and regulation down.
The second change requires that scheduling co-ordinaters for energy storage resources submit economic energy bids to charge when awarded ‘upward’ ancillary services or economic bids to discharge when providing regulation down.
This will ensure that, should a storage resource deviate from its anticipated state of charge, it will still have the ability to charge or discharge if it is in danger of not meeting requirements for providing ancillary services.
According to the proposal, the changes will only apply to the real-time market, not the day-ahead one after requests from stakeholders. It also includes provisions to make it easier for co-located energy storage resources to charge from the grid, something many contracts do not allow.
Battery storage has grown to become an increasingly important component of the CAISO grid and played a substantial role in averting energy crises amidst extreme heatwaves, notably in September this year and July last year.
As shown below, its operational capacity over 2022 so far has nearly doubled to just under 5GW as of the end of November. With most systems now four-hour duration, that equates to nearly 20GWh online today.
Energy-Storage.news’ publisher Solar Media will host the 5th Energy Storage Summit USA, 28-29 March 2023 in Austin, Texas. Featuring a packed programme of panels, presentations and fireside chats from industry leaders focusing on accelerating the market for energy storage across the country. For more information, go to the website.
The matrix below provides an overview of what constitutes comprehensive climate policy coverage (details are provided here). The options were identified based on policies that are generally agreed to contribute to emissions reductions (IPCC, 2014), represent sector-level example policies, which have been successful in specific contexts (UNFCCC, 2018; UNEP, 2019), or are expected to result in sufficient sectoral transformation to achieve emissions reductions (Mitchell et al., 2011; GEA, 2012; OECD/IEA and IRENA, 2017; IEA, 2018, 2019). For a complete list of climate policies in this country, see the table at the bottom of the page.
Country has not adopted this policy option.
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