As such, the Portuguese energy industry recognises the crucial role in which energy storage can play in the energy transition in order to properly integrate renewable energy generation into the grid. The co-location of energy storage systems with existing generation, especially renewable plants, has Contact online >>
As such, the Portuguese energy industry recognises the crucial role in which energy storage can play in the energy transition in order to properly integrate renewable energy generation into the grid. The co-location of energy storage systems with existing generation, especially renewable plants, has been growing rapidly in recent years.
Concerning the current status of energy storage in Portugal, there is still a renewable energy surplus in the range of 800–1200 GW h (Miguel et al., 2018) that is lost, mainly in Winter and Spring. Pumped hydro, based on reverse pumping systems installed in the large hydro plants is currently the dominant form of energy storage.
The Azores'' and Madeira''s programmes to support the energy transition appear to be more ambitious than those for mainland Portugal, and these island regions can pioneer living labs to test innovative solutions, like storage, smart grids, electric mobility and integration of very high shares of renewables.
A storage facility can take two different forms: (1) autonomous storage, where the facility has a direct connection to the RESP and is not associated with an electricity power station or a Production Unit for Self-Consumption (UPAC); or (2) associated storage, where the installation has no direct connection to the RESP and is associated with a
The configuration of a solar photovoltaic system integrating energy storage in Portugal is yet unclear in the technical, energetic and economic point of view. The energy management jointly with the battery operation have great influence in the system configuration''s profitability value.
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Tiago Corrêa do Amaral
Abreu Advogados, Lisbon
Catarina Miguéis Picado
The European Commission''s European Green Deal has established the roadmap for reducing emissions by at least 55 per cent. Renewable energies are inevitably vulnerable to variations in availability, since the sun and the wind cannot be programmed. Energy storage is therefore essential if EU targets are to be met.
Portugal''s installed energy storage capacity is still predominantly based on hydro pumping, which currently stands at 4,164 GW year.[1] However, this paradigm is about to change with the democratisation of energy storage solutions through wind and solar production.
Storage solutions other than hydroelectric production have been included in the electricity sector legislation since 2019. They have also been considered in competitive procedures for the allocation of injection capacity in the public electricity service network (RESP) or for the purposes of graduating the projects in agreements with the network operator.
The new Legal Framework for the National Electricity System approved by Decree-Law No 15/2022, established a general legal regime applicable to the licensing of these facilities, together with a few specific rules for storage.
A storage facility can take two different forms: (1) autonomous storage, where the facility has a direct connection to the RESP and is not associated with an electricity power station or a Production Unit for Self-Consumption (UPAC); or (2) associated storage, where the installation has no direct connection to the RESP and is associated with a power station or a UPAC.
Between 1 January and 31 October 2023, 35,152 GWh of electricity were generated on the Portuguese mainland, of which 67.8 per cent came from renewable sources.[2] The storage will be decisive for the long-awaited energy transition.
The installation of power stations with storage or an autonomous storage installation requires a licensing process with several stages. These are:
Projects with an installed capacity above 50 MW, or above 20 MW when located in sensitive areas, are subject to an Environmental Impact Assessment or an environmental impact analysis procedure when, regardless of the installed capacity, are located in sensitive areas.
The construction of power stations or storage facilities is subject to obtaining a construction permit.
RESP connection infrastructures are built at the developer''s expense.
This must be applied for within one year of the date of issue of the production licence, with the possibility of an extension for a further year.
This must be requested within nine months of the date of issue of the prior registration, with the possibility of a single extension for a further half of the initial period.
The National Energy and Climate Plan 2030,[3] which puts in place Portugal''s energy and climate policy establishes a set of ambitious targets for the period 2021-2030. Among the measures defined, the following stand out:
Although the country has been a pioneer in implementing specific legislation on storage, the lack of capacity for injection into the RESP, along with the lack of definition and delays in publishing the capacity available for obtaining the Grid Injection Capacity Reservation Title, have hindered the development of autonomous storage projects of more than 1 MW.
In order to make a real commitment to develop storage projects, it would be desirable to establish a swift, transparent and predictable criteria for the allocation of reserve capacity in the RESP, notably by approving a strategy for storage with specific timelines to launch injection capacity allocation procedures. Until that happens, developers will have to wait for the publication of the available injection capacity quotas.
[1] Observatório da Energia ''Energy storage in Portugal'',
[2] APREN, ''Balance of Electricity Production of Mainland Portugal in 2023'' accessed 10 February 2024.
The isolation of Portugal''s electrical grid is hindering the growth of renewables, according to GlobalData''s latest report. Storage will play a pivotal role if the country hopes to achieve its solar and renewable installation goals, it says.
Allianz Capital Partners
Portugal''s geographical isolation at the western edge of Europe and grid connection issues are hindering the deployment of renewables in the country, according to the latest report by UK-based consulting firm GlobalData.
"In recent years, with the proliferation of renewable power and massive hydropower capacity, Portugal has been producing more power than its actual consumption," GlobalData said in a statement. "However, having only grid connection with Spain, the excess generated power without a robust connected energy grid or ample storage could go to waste."
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