The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides data center storage … Contact online >>
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides data center storage
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Uninterruptible Power Supplies
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The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) provides acquisition guidance for data center storage, a product category covered by ENERGY STAR efficiency requirements. Federal laws and requirements mandate that agencies purchase ENERGY STAR-qualified products or FEMP-designated products in all product categories covered by these programs and in any acquisition actions that are not specifically exempted by law.
FEMP''s acquisition guidance and associated ENERGY STAR efficiency requirements for data center storage are technology neutral, meaning that one technology is not favored over another. However, ENERGY STAR''s requirements are limited to products that satisfy definition of qualifying products in the ENERGY STAR data center storage specifications.
All other data storage center types are excluded, including but not limited to personal/portable data storage products; computer servers; blade storage products; direct attached storage products; storage products capable of object based storage; storage devices in the following categories of the taxonomy: near-online, removable media library, virtual media library, and products that are covered under other ENERGY STAR product specifications.
This acquisition guidance was updated in December 2022.
One watt-hour of energy savings at the storage level results in roughly 1.9 watt-hours of facility-level energy savings. These additional savings stem from reducing energy waste in the power infrastructure (e.g., power distribution unit, uninterruptible power supply) and reducing 24/7 energy needed to cool the waste heat produced by data storage.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides data center storage efficiency levels and product specification information on its ENERGY STAR website. Manufacturers meeting these requirements are allowed to display the ENERGY STAR label on complying models. Get a list of ENERGY STAR certified data center storage.
FEMP has calculated that the required ENERGY STAR-qualified data center storage saves money if priced no more than $110 (in 2021 dollars) above the less efficient model. The best available model saves up to $133. Table 1 compares three types of product purchases and calculates the lifetime cost savings of purchasing efficient models. Federal purchasers can assume products that meet ENERGY STAR efficiency requirements are life cycle cost-effective.
Annual Energy Use: Based on ENERGY STAR-reported values and values from Plug Load Solutions'' website, 80 PLUS Certified Power Supplies and Manufacturers; EMC Corporation''s 2008 white paper, Assessing and Improving Data Center Storage-Related Energy Efficiency: Technology Concepts and Business Considerations; ASHRAE''s 2015 white paper, Data Center Storage Equipment - Thermal Guidelines, Issues, and Best Practices; IEEE''s 2011 article, Assessing Data Deduplication Trade-Offs from an Energy and Performance Perspective; and NYSERDA''s 2015 report, New York State Data Center Market Characterization.
Annual Energy Cost: Calculated based on an assumed electricity price of 8.6¢/kWh, which is the average electricity price at federal facilities throughout the United States. Learn more about Federal Government Energy/Water Use and Emissions.
Lifetime Energy Cost: Calculated as the sum of the discounted value of the annual energy cost over the assumed product life of 4 years—from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory''s June 2016 report, United States Data Center Energy Usage (LBNL-1005775) and Bio by Deloitte and Fraunhofer IZM''s July 2015 report, Preparatory Study for Implementing Measures of the Ecodesign Directive 2009/125/EC DG ENTR Lot 9 - Enterprise Servers and Data Equipment - Task 3: User. Future electricity price trends and a 3% discount rate are from Annual Supplement to NIST Handbook 135 and NBS Special Publication 709, Energy Price Indices and Discount Factors for Life Cycle Cost Analysis – 2022 (NISTIR 85-3273-37 update 1).
Lifetime Cost Savings: The difference between the lifetime energy cost of the less efficient model and the lifetime energy cost of the ENERGY STAR model or best available model.
Calculated based on the December 2022 ENERGY STAR-Qualified Products List with all available capacity optimized methods (COM): data deduplication, delta snapshots, thin provisioning, and compression. More efficient models may be introduced to the market after FEMP''s acquisition guidance is posted.
Calculated based on December 2022ENERGY STAR efficiency levels; values shown are rounded to the nearest dollar.Federal agencies must purchase products that meet or exceed ENERGY STAR efficiency levels.
Calculated based on typical products used in non-federal applications.
An efficient product is cost-effective when the lifetime energy savings (from avoided energy costs over the life of the product, discounted to present value) exceed the additional up-front cost (if any) compared to a less efficient option. ENERGY STAR considers up-front costs and lifetime energy savings when setting required efficiency levels. Federal purchasers can assume ENERGY STAR-qualified products and products that meet FEMP-designated efficiency requirements are life cycle cost-effective. In high-use applications or when energy rates are above the federal average, purchasers may save more if they specify products that exceed federal efficiency requirements (e.g., the best available model).
Federal laws and requirementsmandate that agencies purchase ENERGY STAR-qualified products or FEMP-designated products in all product categories covered by these programs and in any acquisition actions that are not specifically exempted by law.
These mandatory requirements apply to all forms of procurement, including construction guide and project specifications; renovation, repair, energy service, and operation and maintenance (O&M) contracts; lease agreements; acquisitions made using purchase cards; and solicitations for offers.
Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) Part 23.206 requires agencies to insert theclause at FAR section 52.223-15into contracts and solicitations that deliver, acquire, furnish, or specify energy-consuming products for use in federal government facilities.
To comply with FAR requirements, FEMP recommends that agencies incorporate efficiency requirements into technical specifications, the evaluation criteria of solicitations, and the evaluations of solicitation responses.
Products meeting ENERGY STAR or FEMP-designated efficiency requirements may not be life cycle cost-effective in certain low-use applications or in locations with very low rates for electricity or natural gas. However, for most applications, purchasers will find that energy-efficient products have the lowest life cycle cost.
Agencies may claim an exception to federal purchasing requirements through a written finding that no FEMP-designated or ENERGY STAR-qualified product is available to meet functional requirements, or that no such product is life cycle cost-effective for the specific application. Learn more about federal product purchasing requirements.
The federal supply sources for energy-efficient products are the General Services Administration (GSA) and the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA).
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provide programs that help federal agencies buy products with positive environmental attributes.
Identification codes for product categories covered by sustainable acquisition requirements are provided by DLA and the United Nations Standard Products and Services Code (UNSPSC).
Under the Multiple Award Schedule program, GSA issues long-term governmentwide contracts that provide access to commercial products, services, and solutions at pre-negotiated pricing.
DLA offers products through the Defense Supply Center Philadelphia and online through FedMall (formerly DOD EMALL).
Products sold through DLA are codified with a 13-digit National Stock Number (NSN) and, in some cases, a two-letter Environmental Attribute Code (ENAC). The ENAC identifies items that have positive environmental characteristics and meet standards set by an approved third party, such as FEMP and ENERGY STAR.
USDA''sBioPreferredProgram was created to increase the purchase and use of biobased products. Federal law, the FAR, and Presidential Executive Orders direct that all federal agencies and their contractors purchase biobased products in categories identified by USDA.
EPA offers several resources for choosing which products to buy. The Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program helps federal government purchasers utilize private sector standards and ecolabels to identify and procure environmentally preferable products and services.
UNSPSCis a worldwide classification system for e-commerce. It contains more than 50,000 commodities, including many used in the federal sector, each with a unique eight-digit, four-level identification code. Manufacturers and vendors are beginning to adopt the UNSPSC classification convention and electronic procurement systems are beginning to include UNSPSC tracking in their software packages. UNSPSCs can help the federal acquisition community identify product categories covered by sustainable acquisition requirements, track purchases of products within those categories, and report on progress toward meeting sustainable acquisition goals.
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