Lithium batteries are lighter, offer better performance, have longer run times, and last much longer than traditional lead-acid batteries.
Lithium batteries offer huge performance advantages when compared to deep-cycle lead-acid batteries.
Let''s take a closer look at the main advantages:
A lithium battery can keep your trolling motor at the same speed for almost twice as long as lead-acid batteries of the same rated capacity.
If you regularly discharge your battery below 50%, it will deteriorate faster, and you will have to replace it sooner.
Lead-acid batteries have significantly lower capacity when discharged fast, known as Peukert''s Law. For example, a battery rated for 100Ah can deliver this capacity only when discharged slowly over a 20-hour period, which means a current of 5 Amps. If you want to increase the current to 20 Amps, the same battery will give you only 80Ah, and the available capacity rapidly diminishes as you draw more current.
The same isn''t true for lithium batteries. You get the same rated capacity even when discharging them very fast.
Good lithium batteries can handle 3000-5000 charge/discharge cycles.
Most manufacturers will admit that after 3000 cycles, the rated capacity will go down to 75-80% capacity.
As a comparison, good lead-acid batteries last only 200-300 cycles if discharged only to 50% of their rated capacity. However, if you regularly take them down to 20% of capacity, you will quickly damage the battery, which will have perhaps only around 30-50 cycles available with available capacity diminishing as well.
No More Battery Sulfation
Sulfation is a buildup of lead sulfate crystals on lead-acid battery plates. It occurs whenever a battery is left without a full charge, which is the main reason lead-acid batteries lose performance and fail. Sulfation is responsible for longer charging times, shorter run times, and battery life.
Lithium batteries don''t suffer from sulfation, which occurs in most lead-acid batteries.
A lighter boat is faster and more maneuverable.
Traditional marine batteries suffer from constant voltage drop as you use them. This means gradually less thrust will be available. And if the voltage is too low, your trolling motor may stop altogether, even though some power is still left in your battery.
On the other hand, lithium batteries will only have around a 3% voltage drop as they are discharged.
That is why it''s recommended to oversize your battery wires when you use lead-acid batteries.
The recommended charging current for lead-acid batteries is 10-30% of the rated capacity. For example, you shouldn''t fast charge a 100Ah lead-acid battery with more than 30 Amps.
This probably isn''t important if you charge your trolling motor battery overnight. However, fast charging brings about the possibility of recharging your batteries during the day or using a powerful outboard alternator or generator to top up your lithium battery.
The main downside to lithium batteries is that they are much more expensive than lead-acid batteries with a similar rated capacity.
However, since they can be discharged much deeper than lead-acid batteries, you also need a smaller-capacity battery for your needs.
If you expect a decent performance and run time from your lead-acid battery, you will need to replace it every 1-3 years, even if you don''t use it much. That''s because lead-acid batteries deteriorate over time due to aging.
One important thing to know is that you shouldn''t charge lithium batteries in freezing temperatures.
It''s not a big issue for most, as a well-functioning BMS will automatically stop charging the battery when it''s too cold, in case you forget.
100Ah 12-volt lithium batteries are similar in size to the Group 27 traditional leisure battery.
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