It's understandable why 42% of EV owners favour Level 3 fast chargers, as they significantly reduce charging times compared to Level 1 or Level 2 chargers, offering convenience, accessibility, flexibility, range confidence, and technological advancements, which are pivotal in driving electric vehicl Contact online >>
It''s understandable why 42% of EV owners favour Level 3 fast chargers, as they significantly reduce charging times compared to Level 1 or Level 2 chargers, offering convenience, accessibility, flexibility, range confidence, and technological advancements, which are pivotal in driving electric vehicle adoption.
For Level 3 EV charging, you''ll need access to a Level 3 charger at a public station. You can easily use our EV charging station map to find a Level 3 EV charger near you. While less common due to installation and hardware costs, you can opt for a Level 3 home or work charger.
As shown in the Level 3 EV charging illustrative image above, These chargers typically range from 50 kW to 400 kW in power output, making them suitable for commercial installations due to their high capacity. They utilize a 480V power supply and can add approximately 60-100 miles of range per hour of charge, with a full charge achievable in around 30 minutes.
Level 3 charging connectors commonly include CCS1, CCS2, CHAdeMO, and GB/T (DC) (shown in the image above). The charging process involves a high charging load, typically between 50-150 kW, and requires a current of less than 125 amps, typically around 60 amps.EV Charging Station Schematics
Level 3 EV charging stations integrate with the electrical grid for swift power delivery.
Level 3 chargers are built-in with offboard AC-DC converters (off-board AC-DC converters), allowing Level 3 chargers to perform this conversion themselves, delivering DC power directly to your battery, bypassing the electric vehicle onboard charger and accelerating the speed of EV charging paring Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 EV Charging.
This infographic compares three electric vehicle charging levels: Level 1, 2, and DC Fast Charging (DCFC).What Is Level 1 EV Charging?
Level 1 charging uses a standard 120-volt AC outlet, similar to what you would find in your home. It''s the slowest charging option but requires no special equipment.
Level 2 charging uses a 240-volt single-phase electrical supply, which can charge your car much faster than Level 1. These chargers are typically found in homes, businesses, and public charging stations.Level 3 charging
Level 3 charging/DC Fast Charging (DCFC) stations use a 480-volt three-phase power supply and require additional permitting due to the higher power involved. However, they can charge your car in minutes, making them ideal for long trips or quick top-ups.
Level 1 charging delivers a mere 1.4 kW, barely enough to keep your phone happy. Level 2 bumps it up to 3.3-19.2 kW, but Level 3 takes things to a new level (pun intended!) with outputs ranging from 50 kW to a mind-blowing 350 kW. That means adding 200 miles of range in just 15 minutes on some chargers!
The future of EV charging infrastructure in the US hinges on the growth of energy production to meet surging demands. By 2050, national power production must double to align with projected rates of EV adoption.
However, challenges loom, including needing more energy while curbing harmful emissions, modernizing ageing infrastructure, and reducing power losses within the distribution network.
Microgrids offer a solution, decentralizing energy production and storage to support EV charging infrastructure at the local level.
Utilities play a crucial role in this transformation. Collaboration among utilities, businesses, and communities is essential to build and integrate additional microgrid systems into the EV charging infrastructure.
Government initiatives, such as the investment of $14.7 million in microgrids for underserved communities and allocations in the Inflation Reduction Act for clean energy and EV charging, further bolster this transition.
In terms of technology, advancements in EV charging hold promise:
James Ndungu, founder and editor-in-chief of Electric Vehicle Geek, brings over five years of hands-on experience in Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) selection, permitting, and installation. He specializes in assisting businesses and homeowners in the United States with a seamless transition to electric vehicles.
As a certified EV charger installer and holder of advanced certifications, including the EVITP (Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Training Program), Diploma in Electric Vehicle Technology, and Diploma in Engineering Fundamentals of Electric Vehicles, I provide expert guidance and in-depth reviews on the latest EV charging equipment.
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Electric vehicle (EV) adoption is accelerating faster than experts predicted. This accelerated adoption results from government incentives, an increased choice of vehicles, increased public and private funding for EV adoption, and a cultural shift to greener and cleaner vehicles helping to push down harmful emissions. With the rise in EV adoption, it is essential to understand the different levels of EV charging and how these levels of charging can affect the type of electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) you consider.
There are three EV charging levels; Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3. There are differences between each charging level. However, as a general rule, the higher the Level, the higher the power output from the charger and the faster it can charge.
Level 1 EV charging utilizes the slowest EV charger available, which provides between 1 kW and 1.8 kW of power through a standard 120-volt AC outlet. Level 1 EV charging is available in North America and uses a standard 3-prong household plug on one end and a J1772 (Type 1) EV connector on the other, which plugs into the vehicle. Level 1 chargers are unavailable in Europe due to standard residential electricity being 230-volt.
Level 1 is the slowest of the electric car charging levels and can take between 22-40 hours to fully charge a standard battery electric vehicle (BEV) from empty. An hour of charging with a Level 1 charger will give your EV between 3-7 miles (4-11 kilometers) of range. All Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Plug-in Hybrids (PHEV) can use a Level 1 EV charger, and they are usually provided free when purchasing the vehicle.
Level 2 EV charging is much faster than Level 1 and utilizes a 208-volt to 240-volt AC outlet in North America and a 230-volt (single-phase) or 400-volt (three-phase) outlet in Europe. In North America, Level 2 chargers top out at 19.2 kW (80A), and in Europe, it''s 22 kW. A Level 2 charger can come with various additional functions and features, such as RFID cards, load balancing, and OCCP (Open Charge Point Protocol) networking.
The EV connector type for North America and Japan is J1772 (Type 1); for Europe, it''s a Mennekes (Type 2) connector. Level 2 charging stations can be provided with tethered charging cables (hard-wired to the charging station) or untethered with just a socket (you plug in your charging cable). Currently, Level 2 EV charging is the most common level of EV charger installed globally. However, the installation of Level 3 chargers is growing.
A Level 2 charger can be as much as 19 times faster than a Level 1 charger, depending on the power output and the charge acceptance rate of the vehicle you are charging. An hour of charging with a Level 2 charger can provide a range between 10-75 miles (16-120 kilometers).
Level 2 charging is the most common type used in public charging stations. Level 2 charging equipment can be installed at the home, workplace, and in many public locations such as hotels, retail parks, and supermarkets. It is the ideal charging level for overnight charging or while at work.
Level 1 EV charging and Level 2 EV charging are both defined as AC-type EV chargers. Before we move on to Level 3 EV charging it is important to understand the difference between AC-type EV chargers and DC-type EV chargers.
There are two types of electrical currents for EV charging: AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current).
The power that comes from the electricity grid is AC. However, the energy used for an electric vehicle is stored in its battery, and a battery holds its power in DC. The difference between AC-type EV charging and DC-type EV charging is where the AC power is converted to DC power.
In AC-type charging, the AC is converted in the vehicle by its on-board charger, which is time-consuming; however, with DC-type charging, the conversion takes place in the charging station before the power is delivered to the vehicle, and as a result, it can bypass the limitations of the electric vehicle''s on-board charger and deliver more power. This is what makes DC EV charging faster than AC EV charging.
Level 3 EV charging is also called DC fast charging and is significantly faster than Level 2 EV charging. Level 3 charging stations are the market’s quickest and most powerful EV charging options. A Level 3 charging station utilizes a three-phase supply, 480-volt in North America and 400-volt in Europe, with chargers capable of outputting over 360 kW of power.
A Level 3 charging station also comes with various functions and features, such as dynamic power distribution, multi-charging protocol cables, and networking via OCPP. There are stationary Level 3 chargers and portable Level 3 charging stations available.
CCS (Combine Charging System), CHAdeMO, and Tesla Superchargers (NACS) connectors are used for Level 3 EV charging.
Although Level 3 charging is often used in the industry today for all kW’s of DC fast charging, the origins of Level 3 charging technically refers to charging above 400 kW.
Level 3 EV chargers are often found at public service stations near highways as they are essential for use on longer journeys. There are several other locations where Level 3 EV charging is becoming more critical, including EV charging for fleets and auto dealerships. Any place where people park for short periods or the vehicle is in constant use – i.e., delivery vehicles.
Categories: Blog, Evesco DC Fast Charging
Discover more about DC fast charging with this ultimate guide.
Categories: Blog, Evesco
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