PV Taiwan
As the government seeks to boost solar energy output to 1.52 gigawatt (GW) within two years and 20GW by 2025, Taiwan solar industry is expected a steady growth. This year''s PV Taiwan will offer the best platform to connect entire supply chain, including:
The legislature is during this session expected to amend the Renewable Energy Development Act () with clauses requiring that a certain proportion of the roofs of newly built, extended or altered buildings be covered with solar panels.
Facing the challenges of climate change and an energy crisis, many advanced cities have long since established regulations mandating the installation of photoelectric solar panels on roofs to mitigate the urban heat island effect, prevent energy shortages and reduce environmental pollution. However, doubts have unfortunately been raised about these proposed amendments while they are under review in the Legislative Yuan.
The questions raised during the amendment process are all worthy of consideration. For instance: Should the law specify the type and size of roofs to which it applies? Should it apply to a specific proportion of the roof area? Will there be a inspection mechanism and a penalty clause? Is roof space sometimes needed for any other purposes?
All these questions are worthy of exploration, but, regarding the general direction, Taiwan should learn from the experience of advanced countries. As well as requiring green energy equipment to be installed on new rooftops, the government should think of ways to simplify the application process and increase financial and tax incentives to encourage the installation of green energy equipment on existing rooftops as well as new ones.
First, it would reduce construction costs. Taiwan''s current feed-in tariff rate — the credit for excess electricity that solar panels or other generators feed back into the grid — offers about a 5 percent return on investment. If solar power systems are installed on new buildings, or on existing buildings when their roofs are renovated, the feed-in tariff would reduce the cost of construction.
Second, it would reduce the cost of electricity used for air-conditioning. In Taiwan''s climate, the weather is mostly hot, which necessitates the use of air-conditioning. Installing solar panels on roofs would shade buildings from sunlight, thus reducing the amount of money spent on electricity for air-conditioning.
Third, solar energy would be used as an emergency power source. Taiwan experiences many typhoons and earthquakes, and even faces the risk of being invaded by China. Solar panels coupled with storage equipment would serve as an emergency source of electricity for daily life or disaster relief if there is any problem with the electricity supply.
Fourth, it would boost employment. The business of installing small-scale green energy rooftop equipment requires specialized engineering and technicians. Given the possibility of an economic recession in the next few years, such a program would generate many job opportunities.
Fifth, it would boost public support for the government''s carbon-reduction policy. In the face of international pressure to cut carbon emissions, Taiwan''s export-oriented industries must reduce their carbon emissions to comply with the international trend.
The government''s carbon reduction policy needs the support of the entire population. Installing green energy equipment on the roofs of ordinary households so that ordinary people can enjoy the benefits would encourage them to support the net zero carbon emissions policy.
Sixth, it would create a market for energy-saving buildings, which are the trend of the future. The energy efficiency of a building might become one of the factors that determine its value.
Installing equipment to generate green energy would improve a building''s energy efficiency. Paired with a energy label system for buildings, this would create economic opportunities for industries linked to energy-saving buildings.
Seventh, it would improve the appearance of roofs. Foreign tourists tend to complain about the ugly appearance of Taiwan''s ubiquitous corrugated iron roofs. If the economic benefits of green energy encourage people to renovate their roofs, it would gradually improve Taiwan''s scenery. This is even truer now, with the advent of solar panels designed to look like flat or wavy roof tiles.
Eighth, it would boost self-sufficiency with regards to energy. The war between Russia and Ukraine demonstrates the risks of overreliance on a centralized power grid, especially in cities with dense populations and a high demand for electricity.
Taiwan should consider how to boost energy self-sufficiency in urban settings to reduce the risk of power shortages that might result from attacks on the power grid.
Ninth, it would make it easier to apply to install green energy. At present, applying to install photovoltaic equipment on urban rooftops is often ineffective because of the time and cost involved in obtaining residents'' consent. If solar energy could be added to buildings when they are being built or altered, it would cut the time needed to communicate with residents and apply for the installation.
There are many examples around the world where the installation of green energy equipment on rooftops is required or encouraged.
For example, Germany''s Berlin Solar Act requires that, starting this year, photovoltaic systems must be installed on at least 30 percent of the rooftop area of Berlin''s new buildings and buildings that undergo major renovations, if they have a usable roof area of more than 50m2. This is an area in which Taiwan lags quite far behind advanced countries.
All social sectors need to lend their support, and hopefully the proposed amendments would soon be approved by the legislature.
Kao Ru-ping is secretary-general of the Taiwan Renewable Energy Alliance.
Translated by Julian Clegg
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