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Belboul, Z.; Toual, B.; Kouzou, A.; Mokrani, L.; Bensalem, A.; Kennel, R.; Abdelrahem, M. Multiobjective Optimization of a Hybrid PV/Wind/Battery/Diesel Generator System Integrated in Microgrid: A Case Study in Djelfa, Algeria. Energies 2022, 15, 3579. https://doi /10.3390/en15103579
Belboul Z, Toual B, Kouzou A, Mokrani L, Bensalem A, Kennel R, Abdelrahem M. Multiobjective Optimization of a Hybrid PV/Wind/Battery/Diesel Generator System Integrated in Microgrid: A Case Study in Djelfa, Algeria. Energies. 2022; 15(10):3579. https://doi /10.3390/en15103579
Belboul, Zakaria, Belgacem Toual, Abdellah Kouzou, Lakhdar Mokrani, Abderrahman Bensalem, Ralph Kennel, and Mohamed Abdelrahem. 2022. "Multiobjective Optimization of a Hybrid PV/Wind/Battery/Diesel Generator System Integrated in Microgrid: A Case Study in Djelfa, Algeria" Energies 15, no. 10: 3579. https://doi /10.3390/en15103579
Belboul, Z., Toual, B., Kouzou, A., Mokrani, L., Bensalem, A., Kennel, R., & Abdelrahem, M. (2022). Multiobjective Optimization of a Hybrid PV/Wind/Battery/Diesel Generator System Integrated in Microgrid: A Case Study in Djelfa, Algeria. Energies, 15(10), 3579. https://doi /10.3390/en15103579
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Mean wind speed and average solar irradiation in Algeria (Boudia et al. 2016)
The Algerian government is trying to attract investments in wind and solar energies by establishing suitable policies to install 5 GW of wind power and 13.6 GW of solar PV by 2030. Moreover, the country launched in 2011 an ambitious renewable energy and energy efficiency program with the vision of developing and diversifying renewable energy resources. The goal of the program is to install 22 GW by 2030, of which 10 GW is aimed to be exported to the European market and 12 GW is dedicated to the national market (Abada and Bouharkat 2018). The distribution and share of renewable energy technologies are shown in Fig. 2.
Share of renewable energy technologies in energy efficiency program
Location of Adrar on the map
In this article, a hybrid grid-connected PV-wind system is designed, modeled and controlled with optimized PI controllers. A new improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was developed to optimize the gains of the PI controller. The proposed system was assessed for two critical months of the year to evaluate its contribution to grid performance. Hourly weather data averaged over the last 10 years have been used to simulate the system. Finally, the economic and environmental analysis of the system was carried out using Homer software.
Data of solar irradiation, wind speed and temperature were extracted from a weather file generated using METEONORM 7.1. The data are in an hourly form and covers many parameters. The data cover an average of the ten last years up to 2021. Relevant data are converted into a monthly basis and are represented in Figs 4, 5, 6.
Monthly average direct normal and global horizontal irradiation
Monthly average diffuse horizontal irradiation
Monthly average wind speed and temperature
The load profile of Adrar covers the amount of power consumed by the different sectors in the town. Daily data were used to determine the peak demand in the region. For representing the load, hourly power production data of the Adrar''s central power plant were used instead, due to its availability. It is worth mentioning that the central power plant not only supplies the entire commune of Adrar, but part of its production goes to the neighboring cities as well. Figure 7 depicts the monthly average power produced from the central power plant.
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