The quality of Iran''s electricity network has improved significantly in the last ten or so years. Gone are the days of frequent and prolonged voltage fluctuations and power outages. However, due to financial issues in the debt laden sector, especially in the summer months as demand rises with the temperature, electricity generators and
However, the country grapples with gas shortages every winter and summer. [i] In 2023, Iran experienced a daily shortage of 250 million cubic meters of gas, while in 2024, the imbalance is expected to reach 300 million cubic meters a day. [ii] Indeed, Iran''s power industry warns of a 30% energy deficit by next summer.
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN (Updated 2020) PREAMBLE. The Islamic Republic of Iran has one operating nuclear power reactor, Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP), Unit 1, where a total of 42 199 million kW.h electricity has been generated from March 2011 to March 2020. BNPP-1 provided 1.84% of national electricity production in 2019.
To reduce CO 2 emissions and exposure to local air pollution, we want to transition our electricity away from fossil fuels towards low-carbon sources. ''Low-carbon electricity'' includes nuclear and renewable technologies. This interactive chart allows us to see the country''s progress on this.
At present, a large amount of electricity in Iran is generated using fossil fuels. These energy resources are limited and there are environmental concerns like GHG emissions associated with the power generation using these fuels.
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The Islamic Republic of Iran has one operating nuclear power reactor, Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP), Unit 1, where a total of 42 199 million kW.h electricity has been generated from March 2011 to March 2020. BNPP-1 provided 1.84% of national electricity production in 2019. Since 2011, it is calculated that its operation has prevented the consumption of 11.244 billion m3 of natural gas, equivalent to 66.7 million barrels of crude oil, and the release of 37.7 million tonnes of pollutant or greenhouse gases into the environment. The Islamic Republic of Iran also plans to expand its nuclear power programme over the long term. In this regard, construction of BNPP-2 with a capacity of 1 057 MW(e), was started in September 2019.
This report provides information on the status and development of nuclear power programme in the Islamic Republic of Iran, including factors related to the effective planning, decision making and implementation of the nuclear power programme that together lead to safe and economical operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs).
The CNPP summarizes organizational and industrial aspects of nuclear power programme and provides information about the relevant legislative, regulatory and international framework in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
The energy policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran is explained in the National Energy Strategy Document, which sets out policies through 2041. Approved by the Cabinet of Ministers on July 2017, the document outlines a comprehensive set of long term goals and strategies in the country�s energy sector. This document is also aligned with its Twenty-Year Vision, the sixth national five year development plan, and macro-policies related to energy, resistive economy, and environment.
The Islamic Republic of Iran�s primary energy consumption has almost doubled since 2004, mostly because of growth of energy consuming industries (e.g. developments in oil refineries, petrochemicals, iron, steel and cement), expanding demand for transportation and greater use of electricity. Natural gas and oil account for almost all of the country�s total primary energy consumption, with marginal contributions from hydropower, nuclear, and non-hydropower renewables.
Given the challenges surrounding fossil fuels on one hand and increased annual consumption of energy on the other hand, new energy sources and creative approaches have been attractive for policy makers to reduce dependence on fossil resources and to effectively manage energy demand. Accordingly, the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran plans to develop clean and renewable energy capacity in the country according to the Article 50 of the sixth national five year development plan.
Among different renewable sources of energy, hydropower is the country�s largest by generating capacity. However, owing to the limitations of hydropower potential in Iran, other options are also required to be considered to meet the growing energy demand and diversify the power generation mix.
The Islamic Republic of Iran holds one of the world�s largest proven oil and natural gas reserves. Based on recent exploration activities during 2015 and 2016, the Islamic Republic of Iran has a total of 1 407 tU as reasonably assured resources (RAR) and 6 750 tU of inferred resources as of 1 January 2017. In addition, recent studies have identified favourable areas for investigation of unconventional resources, including phosphate rocks, non-ferrous ores, ferrous ores, carbonatite and black shales. Speculative resources, with an unassigned cost category amount to approximately 53 000 tU according to the �Red Book 2018�.
�Fossil fuelsNuclearRenewablesSolidLiquidGasUraniumHydroOtherrenewableTotal amount in specific units*1147.9**160.1***33.3***1 407?n.d ??n.d ??
* Solid: Million tonnes; Liquid: Billion barrels; Gas: Trillion m3; Uranium: Tonnes; Hydro, Renewables: TW.
Table 2 contains energy statistics.
20002005201020152017*Compound annual growth rate (%) 2000 to 2017Final Energy consumption [EJ] - Total 3.7575.1026.3276.8587.3144.00- Heat and Other------- Electricity0.3400.4870.6690.8380.9266.07- Natural Gas1.2181.9653.1813.8504.0977.40- Coal/Lignite/Peat0.0030.0020.0010.0080.0096.68- Oil products2.1802.5762.4412.1112.2310.14- Bioenergy and Waste0.0160.0720.0340.0510.0517.06
Source(s): National energy balance, Ministry of Energy (MOE).
The Ministry of Energy (MOE) is the main organ of the Government responsible for the regulation and implementation of policies applicable to the main energy industries, including electricity, renewable energy, water, and wastewater services. Trends such as privatization, quantitative and qualitative development of the electricity market, utilization of clean and renewable energies, efficiency improvement, loss reduction, human resource development and optimization of the existing installations are among the important policies and activities that are followed by the MOE ().
The Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI) is an organization affiliated to the Government, but not under the MOE. It is responsible for all activities and functions related to nuclear technology development, including, in particular, nuclear electricity generation in the country ().
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