Grids have formed the backbone of electricity systems for more than a century, delivering power to homes, factories, offices and hospitals. And their importance is only growing. The rapid adoption of new technologies such as electric cars and heat pumps means electricity is expanding into realms previously dominated by fossil fuels, increasing the demands on grids. Meanwhile, countries are adding renewable energy projects at a fast pace – requiring more power lines to connect them and high-functioning electricity grids to ensure reliable supplies for end customers.
This new IEA special report,Electricity Grids and Secure Energy Transitions,offers a first-of-its-kind global stocktake of the world''s grids as they stand now. It assesses signs they are not keeping pace with the new global energy economy that is emerging and the risk of them becoming a bottleneck for efforts to accelerate clean energy transitions and ensure electricity security.
The special report examines the urgent upgrades required not only to physical infrastructure but also to the way grids are planned and managed – quantifying the costs of delayed action. And it provides key recommendations for policy makers, highlighting what is necessary in areas such as investment, regulation and planning.
IEA (2023), Electricity Grids and Secure Energy Transitions, IEA, Paris https://, Licence: CC BY 4.0
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In its capacity of France''s transmission system operator, RTE is a public utility whose role is to supply electricity around the clock, providing the same quality of service across the country with the support of its 9,500 employees. Every second of the day, RTE controls power flows while constantly balancing supply and demand. RTE maintains and expands the capacity of the high and ultra-high voltage grid (ranging from 63 000 to 400 000 volts)amounting to over 100 000 kilometres of overhead lines, over 6 000 kilometres of underground lines,
2,800 solely operated or jointly operated substations and 51 cross-border lines. France''s power grid - the most extensive in Europe - is interconnected with 33 countries. As a key industrial player in the energy transition, RTE is optimising and transforming its grid with a view to accommodating more power generation facilities, irrespective of future energy choices. The public authorities rely on RTE''s technical expertise and reports to inform their decisions.
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Although a decree still has to set out the timetable, content and consultation procedures for the Network Development Plan, Enedis has prepared a preliminary document as part of its transparency and pedagogic approach. The aim of this document is to contribute to the debates surrounding the next French multiannual energy program or NECP (in French PPE: Programmation Pluriannuelle de l''Energie) and to launch a broad participatory consultation process with the distribution network users committee (CURDE: Comité des Utilisateurs du Réseau de Distribution) in preparation for this Plan. This preliminary report, the first of its kind for the company, provides a medium- to long-term perspective on the New Electric France for 2027 and 2032.
It is important to specify that this is not the "Network Development Plan" as such. This preliminary document has not been submitted to public consultation. However, it will enable us to gather feedback over a long time period, which will contribute to the official "Network Development Plan".
Connections are carried out in line with the evolution of external demand, while reinforcement and renewal are optimised by Enedis as the network operator in the service of the community.
Note: preparatory exchanges between Enedis and the organising authorities for electricity distribution are essential for sharing a diagnosis and investment priorities.
As the operator of an increasingly digital, connected, intelligent, and bidirectional electricity distribution network, real backbone of the ecological transition, Enedis develops, operates, and modernises the largest European distribution network and the associated data:
The public electricity distribution network is a unique model of public service that fosters solidarity among regions.
With its mutualisation value, the public electricity distribution network enables collaboration between regions exporting renewable energy (producers) and other regions as consumption centers. It also ensures universal access to electricity with an excellent reliability rate.
Enedis'' investments rely on a national vision coordinated with national stakeholders of the electrical system, leveraging the advantages of a national-scale operator (expertise, industrial policy, economies of scale, IT). Simultaneously, it involves dialogue and consultation at the local level (concession contracts) based on the values of local proximity.
This dual-level operation ensures a balance between addressing national challenges of ecological transition, energy independence, and territorial solidarity, and meeting local expectations regarding the development and attractiveness of each region.
Enedis is a unique actor in the regions, with a deep understanding of multiple local concerns through its 25 regional divisions and 800 sites in France.
Enedis must invest in technical and economic optimisation, meaning under the best cost and technical efficiency conditions.
Enedis makes investment choices for its assets and infrastructure with a medium to long-term perspective.
The major role of the public electricity distribution network will intensify in the coming years to address the fight against climate change.
Enedis is committed to developing new levers to enhance the network''s performance and new uses of electricity by experimenting with innovative solutions such as local flexibilities.
The fifth conviction around the agility of investment methods is illustrated by the company''s position at the top of the "Smart Grid Index" by Singapore Power Group, for the second consecutive year (global ranking of smart grids).
By allowing, through its pedagogy, a shared understanding of existing investment methods, this preliminary document to Enedis'' Network Development Plan serves as a valuable tool for exchanging with stakeholders on Enedis'' methods and, where applicable, their potential future directions.
For its preliminary document, Enedis adopts a reference scenario for the connection trajectory with the following key elements:
In total, investments will increase from 4.4 billion euros in 2022 to over 5 billion per year by 2032 to address the challenges of ecological transition and maintain network performance. It is noteworthy that, in the preliminary document to the Network Development Plan, the reference assumption for 2022 investments considers the amount of 4 billion euros (constant 2021 euros, with no allowance for inflation). This assumption was established before the close of the fiscal year.
The 2027 milestone (5.5 billion of 2021 euros, with no allowance for inflation) exceeds the figure for the year 2032 due to a peak in construction, anticipated at that time, of EVCI in condominiums. In the subsequent years, connections continue to occur, but on infrastructure that is already largely completed.
1. Article 32 of the European Directive 2019/944 on the internal electricity market, a component of the "Clean Energy Package," was transposed into French law by the ordinance of March 3, 2021, creating a new Article L322-11 in the Energy Code.
Médiateur National de l''ÉnergieL''énergie est notre avenir, économisons-la!
éco2mix is a user-friendly tool that helps consumers to better understand and more effectively consume electricity. Available on the Internet free of charge, as well as via an app for smartphones and tablets, éCO2mix provides all power consumption and output indicators in real time and around the clock, both nationally and regionally.
Curves and graphs for on-screen viewing, data you can download or print out, detailed breakdowns of power generated by photovoltaic, solar, hydro, fossil-fuelled and nuclear facilities More than 15 million data items have been compiled to provide you with all this information in summarised form.
Would you like to know how much electricity is being consumed in France right now? What is the proportion of wind power in your region? How many megawatts is France currently exchanging with its neighbours? At a time when a growing number of us want to know about the challenges of the energy transition and its day-to-day implementation, RTE shares all France''s electricity data with you on your computer, your tablet or your smartphone.
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