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The CCS is a standardized system designed for fast-charging electric vehicles. It brings together alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) charging into a single connector, ensuring compatibility with a wide range of EVs. CCS uses the Level 2 charger as its base, adding two extra DC power lines which enable it to carry a higher voltage compared to the regular connector. If you''re using a standard Type 2 charger, the bottom two holes on the connector remain unused because they''re only for the CCS plug.
In the US, CCS connectors are the primary high-speed chargers found in public charging stations. In a fast-paced country, the need for quick on-the-road top-ups has never been more apparent. According to S&P Global Mobility, there are currently around 20,000 fast charging ports nationwide, which is not enough to cater to the growing EV market share for new vehicles. By 2030, it''s estimated that EVs will account for 40% of cars on the road, which translates to approximately 28.3 million EVs in operation.
Analysts predict that around 172,000 DC EV chargers will be needed to meet the charging demands by the same year. This means the US must quadruple this number between 2022 and 2025 to meet the immediate charging needs. By 2027, about 109,000 fast chargers will need to be deployed across the country to keep up with the escalating demand for electric car and charging points.
Fast Charging: DC fast chargers are capable of delivering up to 350 kW of power output, significantly reducing charging times compared to traditional AC chargers. This is particularly crucial for long-distance travel, as it minimizes the time spent at charging stations, making EVs more practical for everyday use.
Convenience: The CCS connector combines both AC charging and DC charging, simplifying the charging process for EV owners. Drivers do not need to choose between different types of connectors or stations, as CCS chargers can handle various EV models with the same rapid charging connector.
Widespread Compatibility: CCS chargers have become a standardized solution in the US, compatible with a wide range of EV makes and models. This compatibility ensures that EV drivers can easily find and use a CCS charging station, reducing any concerns about charger compatibility.
Range Assurance: The availability of CCS chargers across the United States, often located along highways and in urban areas, provides EV drivers with the confidence to take longer trips. The convenience of fast charging and the widespread charging infrastructure contribute to reduced range anxiety.
Public Charging Networks: Major charging network providers have adopted CCS technology, resulting in an extensive network of CCS charging stations. This means that EV drivers have reliable access to charging infrastructure, ensuring that they can charge their vehicles both locally and during cross-country trips.
CCS Combo 1 (CCS1): This type is commonly used in North America and Japan. It combines the standard SAE J1772 connector for Level 2 AC charging with the CCS DC fast-charging connector.
CCS Combo 2 (CCS2): CCS Combo 2, also known as IEC 62196-3, is the European version of CCS. It combines the Type 2 connector for Level 2 AC charging with the CCS DC fast-charging connector.
The main difference between these two types is the AC connector (J1772 for CCS1 and Type 2 for CCS2) and the region where they are commonly found. Both types use the same style of CCS connector for DC fast charging, ensuring compatibility for high-speed charging.
Charging Method: AC chargers provide power to the electric vehicle using alternating current, which is the type of electricity typically found in household outlets.
Charging Speed: AC chargers are generally slower than DC chargers. They are commonly used for Level 1 and Level 2 charging. Level 1 charging typically involves plugging your EV into a standard household outlet, which is the slowest option. Level 2 charging uses dedicated charging equipment and provides faster charging than Level 1 but is still slower than DC fast charging.
Use Cases: AC chargers are suitable for overnight or longer-duration charging, such as when your EV is parked at home, at work, or at destinations like shopping centers. They are not ideal for rapid or long-distance charging.
Charging Method: DC chargers provide power to the electric vehicle using direct current, which is the type of electricity used in the vehicle''s battery.
Charging Speed: DC chargers are significantly faster than AC chargers. They are the primary choice for rapid charging and long-distance travel. DC fast chargers, such as those used with CCS, provide high power levels, enabling EVs to charge quickly. Charging speeds can vary, but many DC fast chargers can provide a substantial amount of range in a relatively short time, often around 30 minutes to reach an 80% charge.
Use Cases: DC fast chargers are strategically located along highways and in urban areas to facilitate long-distance travel and quick top-ups. They are ideal for drivers who need to charge their EVs quickly, making it possible to continue their journey without significant delays.
Electrify America: Electrify America is one of the largest and most recognized CCS charger networks in the United States. They have deployed high-speed charging stations across the country, particularly along major highways, offering fast and convenient charging.
Use Charging Apps: Utilize charging station locator apps and websites that provide real-time information about the availability and location of CCS charging stations. Popular apps include PlugShare, ChargePoint, and Electrify America''s app.
Check with Charger Networks: Visit the websites or use the apps of the major CCS charger networks mentioned above to search for charging locations, view availability, and access additional information, such as charging rates.
Consult Your Vehicle''s App: Some electric vehicle manufacturers provide apps that assist drivers in locating charging stations. These apps often include CCS chargers.
Verify Charging Compatibility: Before heading to a charging station, ensure that your EV is compatible with the CCS connector used by the network. Not all CCS chargers may work with every EV model.
Locate a CCS Charger: Find a CCS charging station using a charging station locator app, website, or your EV''s built-in navigation system. You can also check the compatibility of the charger with your EV model.
Unlock the Charger: Some chargers require you to scan a QR code, use an app, or tap a card to initiate the charging session. Follow the instructions provided by the charger''s operator.
Open the Charging Port: If your EV has a locked charging port, unlock it using your key fob or through the vehicle''s touchscreen control panel.
Connect the Cable: Grab the CCS charging cable and insert it into the CCS connector on your vehicle. The connector should click into place securely.
Initiate Charging: Once the cable is securely connected, confirm the charging session on the charger''s interface or through the app. Follow the prompts to start the charging process.
Charging Progress: Monitor the charging progress on the charger''s screen or app. It typically displays information such as charging speed, time remaining, and energy delivered.
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