By harnessing solar energy, the initiative improves access to reliable and sustainable electricity, positively impacting communities, and the environment. Continued support and investment in sustainable energy solutions are essential for driving positive change and illuminating Afghanistan's future. Contact online >>
By harnessing solar energy, the initiative improves access to reliable and sustainable electricity, positively impacting communities, and the environment. Continued support and investment in sustainable energy solutions are essential for driving positive change and illuminating Afghanistan''s future.
The Renewable Energy Roadmap for Afghanistan is developed to realize the vision and intent of the Renewable Energy Policy (RENP) for Afghanistan that sets a target of deploying 4500 – 5000 MW of renewable energy (RE) capacity by 2032 and envisions a transition from donor grant-funded RE projects to a fully-private sector led industry by 2032.
Renewable energy in Afghanistan includes biomass, geothermal, hydropower, solar, and wind power. [1][2][3][4][5] Afghanistan is a landlocked country surrounded by five other countries. With a population of less than 35 million people, it is one of the lowest energy consuming countries in relation to a global standing. [6]
Developing water, solar and wind power could reduce Afghanistan''s import of electricity from abroad and help it emerge a regional renewable energy hub.
Afghanistan has excellent solar resources and large land-areas where solar can be deployed. Long-term yearly average of daily totals of global horizontal irradiation (GHI) in kWh/m2. Output from the global solar model SolarGIS derived from satellite digital images and atmospheric datasets.
Posted on 17/04/2009 by Ian MacWilliamSource: Afghan Update (UNAMA quarterly magazine)
The district of Surkh-e-Parsa lies atthe upper end of the Ghorband Valley, not far from where the road beginsto climb the bare hills to the Shibar Pass. Three green valleys convergeat the district centre of Lolinj. The local people grow wheat and tendtheir fruit trees, but they have always been poor. For them, even beforethe war, the notion of electricity was a distant dream. The nearest governmenthydropower station was in Siahgird, far down the valley, and that was destroyedmany years ago. For the people of these valleys, when the sun set, theday ended and they had little choice but to settle down for the night.
But in recent years, all that has changed.About seventy per cent of households in the three valleys - home to some30,000 people -- now have electricity. Now there is light to allow childrento study and people can continue their lives after sunset. The electricityruns flour mills, charges mobile phones and powers satellite television,which brings news of the outside world into this distant corner of Afghanistan.During the day it can also run washing machines and other labour-savinghousehold devices.
This new electric power produces fewgreenhouse gases. It is relatively cheap and its production is sustainable,relying on simple technology which can be maintained by local people withsome training. The source is a network of small hydroelectric and solarpower units installed by the Aga Khan Foundation, one of nine internationaldevelopment agencies which make up the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN).(Within AKDN, the Foundation specialises in rural development programmes.)
Elsewhere, in the town of Sheghnan ina remote part of Badakhshan, the local teacher training college built byAKDN is also supplied with clean, cheap renewable energy, in this caseby a 15-kilowatt solar power unit. With no all-season road connection tothe rest of Badakhshan, Sheghnan, on the Amu Darya, is isolated for muchof the year. The town has never had government electricity. Until the solarunit was installed in 2007, the college used diesel generators, with allthe usual problems of expense, pollution and shortages of fuel. Now thesun provides power for lighting, computers and other purposes in the mainteaching centre as well as in the attached men''s and women''s hostels. Batteriesstore the solar electricity by day to ensure that electricity is availableround the clock.
AKDN has been pioneering micro-hydroelectricpower (MPH) units and solar power in Afghanistan since 2004. Some 250 MPHunits have been installed or are currently under construction in five provincesacross northeastern Afghanistan: Bamyan, Parwan, Baghlan, Takhar and Badakhshan solar power, 170 units have been installed. These projects now supplyelectricity to villages which would otherwise have no access to power.
These power projects have mostly beencarried out by the local communities themselves under the government''sNational Solidarity Programme, with AKDN support. Local Community DevelopmentCouncils established under NSP receive a grant which they can spend ondevelopment projects. Electricity is usually a priority for the councils.AKDN then helps the community, providing engineering expertise, essentialcontacts and organisational support to build the required power unit andto train local people who can maintain it and organise its upkeep.
Micro-hydropower units vary from smallgenerators producing five kilowatts (kW), to larger units producing upto 100 kW. On average, AKDN units supply a minimum of 100 watts per family(enough to run five low-energy lightbulbs). A 5 kW unit produces enoughpower for 50 families.
The generators are run by a single turbinefed by water from mountain streams. Once built, a committee within thecommunity council is responsible for the unit''s upkeep, collecting feesfrom electricity users which are used for repairs and maintenance. Theaverage cost is Af 100 per family per month.
AKDN has also pioneered the use of solarpower in Afghanistan. In areas which lack an adequate water supply forMHP units, AKDN has installed solar panels to provide a basic power supplyto villages or groups of houses. Solar units can vary in output from 20watts (enough for two solar lightbulbs) to much larger units such as thatinstalled for the Sheghnan college. Once installed, the panels can workfor twenty years or more. The storage batteries must be replaced afterfour or five years.
AKDN is also exploring the applicationof other green technologies and techniques in Afghanistan. One of theseis pico hydropower - the use of very small water-powered generators withan output of 900 watts, suitable for about ten households. Two pilot energy-savinghouses have been built to test traditional building materials -- mud andstraw -- when adapted to provide better insulation. The use of bio-gasis being tested under rural Afghan conditions, and a windpower pilot projectis underway. In addition to these energy-producing technologies, the useof energy-efficient domestic appliances -- solar cookers, solar water heaters,solar lights and energy-efficient stoves -- is to be tested.
Afghanistan needs cheap, clean energy.With consumption still relatively low in rural Afghanistan, these renewableforms of energy are an excellent and environmentally sound solution tothe energy needs of many poor, rural families.
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