Turkey's sunny climate possesses a high solar energy potential, specifically in the South Eastern Anatolia and Mediterranean regions. [3] Solar power is a growing part of renewable energy in the country, with 19 gigawatts (GW) of solar panels [4]: section 4.2.1 generating 6% of the country's electri Contact online >>
Turkey''s sunny climate possesses a high solar energy potential, specifically in the South Eastern Anatolia and Mediterranean regions. [3] Solar power is a growing part of renewable energy in the country, with 19 gigawatts (GW) of solar panels [4]: section 4.2.1 generating 6% of the country''s electricity. [5]: 13 Solar thermal is also important.
Solar''s growing contribution increased the share of wind and solar power in electricity generation to 16%. The share of solar energy in electricity generation increased to 5.7%. In 2023, Türkiye''s total installed solar capacity exceeded 12 GW, surpassing wind for the first time.
A PESTLE analysis for sustainable development of solar energy potential in Turkey. Turkey''s ambitious goal of transitioning towards a sustainable and low-carbon energy system has led to an increased focus on renewable energy sources.
For Türkiye, a new distributed solar energy market will boost economic growth, strengthen energy independence, and reduce environmental impacts. As the market matures, it is expected to pave the way for a growing household solar market, reducing energy costs for households.
PV industry current and potential status in Turkey. Solar energy could provide significant amount of power for Turkey, given the country''s suitability in terms of solar radiation. Currently, solar power is used mainly for domestic hot water production.
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Turkey''s rapid shift to greener sources of energy has led to a sharp rise in its installed solar power over the last decade, with renewable investments expected to accelerate in the period ahead.
The aim to generate a larger share of power from renewable sources stems from the country''s goal of lowing its hefty energy bill, as it imports almost all of its energy needs from abroad.
Its journey of producing energy from solar power started at just 40 megawatts (MW) back in 2014. It has now reached 7,816 megawatts, according to data compiled from the Energy and Natural Resources Ministry.
Turkey''s multiple support schemes throughout the years saw the installed solar power capacity rise to 249 MW in 2015, before rocketing to 833 MW a year later.
Still, the biggest leap was seen in 2017, when the figure reached 3,421 MW, a 311% year-over-year increase, according to the data.
Turkey''s renewable energy capacity is predicted to grow by over 50% through 2026, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA).
The projection in the IEA''s annual Renewable Market Report last month showed the country''s renewable capacity growing by over 26 gigawatts (GW), or 53%, during the 2021-26 period, with solar and wind accounting for 80% of the expansion.
Tolga Şallı, head of the Environmentalist Energy Association, said the increase in the installed solar energy was "enormous," also stressing that the support provided to the industry was of great importance.
Emphasizing that renewable energy sources were important both in the fight against the climate crisis and in the country''s struggle for energy independence, Şallı said in terms of environmental conditions, "there is no place within the borders of Turkey where we cannot benefit from solar energy."
"For example, Germany is located in our north. Yet, its installed capacity is quite large."
The period from 2022 onward carries even greater importance, said Şallı, pointing particularly to the Paris climate agreement, which Turkey ratified in October last year.
It became the last country in the G-20 group of major economies to ratify the accord after demanding for years that it must first be reclassified as a developing country, which would entitle it to funds and technological help.
"In the fight against the climate crisis, our Parliament has ratified the Paris climate agreement. Renewable energy investments have to be made within the scope of the action plans to be created in this direction and the sustainable climate action plans of the municipalities," he noted.
Given that the legislation has also changed and the biggest input of the investor is the cost of electricity, Şallı said they see solar energy investments increasing rapidly in the coming period.
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The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due its price but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request and with permission of the State Meteorological Office of Turkey.
The authors thank the State Meteorological Office of Turkey for providing the data of the sunshine duration and the global solar radiation.
YK has analyzed the solar energy data of all provinces in the region. KB has evaluated the solar energy data and performed a major contributor in writing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The authors declare no competing interests.
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
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